“2020年是属于妇⼥的⼀年”
Photo: Paula Kindsvater CC BY-SA 4.0
2020 is the year for women
2020年是属于妇⼥的⼀年
联合国妇⼥署执⾏主任菲姆⻬莱·姆兰博·努卡国际妇⼥节致辞
Statement for International Women’s Day by Executive Director Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
2020 is a massive year for gender equality. And the benefits of gender equality are not just for women and girls, but for everyone whose lives will be changed by a fairer world that leaves no one behind. It’s the year for what we call “Generation Equality”. With the leadership of civil society, we’re mobilizing to realize women’s rights, and to mark 25 years of implementing the Beijing Platform for Action.
2020年是性别平等进程取得斐然成果的⼀年。性别平等不仅能惠及妇⼥和⼥童，也能让⽣活在不落下任何⼀⼈、更公平的世界⾥的每个⼈受益。2020年也是实现我们称之为“平等的⼀代”的重要年份。在⺠间社会的带动下，我们正动员⼀切资源⼒量来实现妇⼥权益。今年还将迎来《北京⾏动纲领》25周年。
We’re enabling women to influence the decisions about their future. Generation Equality tackles issues of women across generations, from early to late years, with young women and girls at the centre.
我们正努⼒使妇⼥能够在影响有关她们未来的决策⽅⾯拥有更多话语权。平等的⼀代旨在解决处于从幼年到晚年不同世代的妇⼥所⾯临的问题，并将年轻妇⼥和⼥童放在核⼼位置。
We don’t have an equal world at the moment and women are angry and concerned about the future. They are radically impatient for change. It's an impatience that runs deep, and it has been brewing for years.
我们当前所处的世界并不平等，妇⼥们感到愤怒，忧⼼未来。她们迫不及待希望社会发⽣变⾰。这种急切的情绪由来已久，⽇益深重。
radically
表示“根本上；彻底地”，英文解释为“completely or extremely”。
brew
表示“（坏事或暴风雨）即将来临，酝酿”，英文解释为“If an unpleasant situation or a storm is brewing, you feel that it is about to happen.”举个🌰：
It was too quiet - I felt that trouble was brewing.
太安静了——我觉得要出事了。
At home a crisis was brewing.
家里一场危机正在酝酿着。
We do have some positive changes to celebrate. For example, there has been a 38 per cent drop in the ratio of maternal deaths since 2000. 131 countries have made legal reforms to support gender equality and address discrimination. Twenty-five years ago, discrimination of women was legislated in many countries. Today, more than three-quarters of countries have laws against domestic violence in place. And more girls are in school than ever before, with more women in tertiary education than men globally.
我们的确做了诸多积极的改变，这⼀点值得庆贺。⽐如，⾃2000年以来，孕产妇死亡率下降了38%。已有131个国家展开了法制改⾰以⽀持性别平等，解决歧视问题。⼆⼗五年前，在许多国家歧视妇⼥是合法化的。到了今天，超过四分之三的国家已经制定了反对家庭暴⼒的法律。接受教育的⼥童数量超过以往任何时候，全球接受⾼等教育的⼥性要多于男性。
tertiary education
表示“高等教育，大学教育”，英文解释为“education at college or university level”。
1）tertiary /ˈtɜːʃərɪ/表示“第三的；第三位的；第三级的”，英文解释为“Tertiary means third in order, third in importance, or at a third stage of development.”如：
第三产业，tertiary industry：an industry that provides services rather than producing goods, or these industries considered as a group；
第二产业，secondary industry：an industry that manufactures goods rather than producing raw materials, or these industries considered as a group；
第一产业，primary industry：an industry that produces energy or basic materials, such as coal, oil, metals, crops, etc., or these industries considered as a group.
2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版中就有这么一句：
2）tertiary还有另一个含义（mainly UK），就是此处表示的“高等教育的，大学教育的”（relating to education in colleges and universities），如：tertiary education 高等教育；
同样的，secondary可以指“中学的”（relating to the education of children approximately between the ages of 11 and 18 years old），如：secondary education 中等教育。
而primary可以指“初等教育的，小学的”（of or for the teaching of young children, especially those between five and eleven years old），如：primary education 初等教育，a primary school 小学。
看到这里你可能会有点疑问，tertiary education和higher education有什么区别？
But even though there has been progress, no country has achieved gender equality. Our best hasn't been good enough. Challenges remain for all countries, although many of them are not insurmountable.
尽管取得了⼀些进展，现在还没有哪个国家实现了性别平等。虽竭尽所能，我们仍然还有很多进步的空间。所有国家都⾯临着挑战，其中⼀些挑战并⾮⽆法克服。
insurmountable
表示“难以克服的，不可逾越的”，英文解释为“A problem that is insurmountable is so great that it cannot be dealt with successfully.”如：insurmountable difficulties 难以克服的困难。
Meantime, girls are making no secret of their disappointment with the stewardship of our planet, the unabated violence directed against them and the slow pace of change in fulcrum issues like education. For example, despite improved school enrollment, 1 in 10 young women today are still unable to read and write. This has to change in order for girls to fully own their power, take their place in the world, and play their vital role in technology and innovation.
与此同时，⼥孩们难掩对我们这个星球管理⼯作上的失望，⼥童遭受的暴⼒事件有增⽆减，对教育等⽀点问题的改⾰进展缓慢。例如，尽管⼊学率有所上升，⾄今仍有⼗分之⼀的年轻妇⼥⽬不识丁。我们必须改变这种状况，以使⼥童充分掌握⾃⼰的权⼒，在世界上占有⼀席之地，并在技术和创新领域发挥重要作⽤。
stewardship
表示“管理方法；组织方式”，英文解释为“Someone's stewardship of something is the way in which that person controls or organizes it”举个🌰：
The organization certainly prospered under his stewardship.
不可否认，这个组织在他的管理下兴旺了起来。
unabated
表示“不减；未变弱”，英文解释为“without becoming any less strong”举个🌰：
The rain continued unabated.
雨势一直没减弱。
fulcrum /ˈfʊlkrəm/
1）表示“（杠杆的）支点，支轴”，英文解释为“the point on which a lever turns or is supported”；
2）表示“（活动、情况的）最重要部分，支柱”，英文解释为“the most important part of an activity or a situation”，举个🌰：
The fulcrum of the debate/argument is the individual's right to choose.
辩论/争论的中心点在于个人进行选择的权利。
Another priority target for our impatience is the lack of women at the tables of power. Three-quarters of all parliamentarians in the world are men. A proven solution is to introduce legally binding quotas for women’s representation. Nearly 80 countries have already successfully done so and a few States have gender-balanced cabinets and explicitly feminist policies. This is a desirable trend that we need to see more of in both public and private sectors, where overall the proportion of women in managerial positions remains around 27 per cent, even as more women graduate from universities.
我们迫切想要解决的⾸要问题是获得领导权的⼥性数量过少。在全球，男性国会议员占⽐⾼达四分之三。⼀个⾏之有效的解决办法是实⾏具有法律约束⼒的⼥性参政配额制。近80个国家已经成功地做到了这⼀点，⼀些国家的内阁实现了性别平衡并施⾏了明确的⼥权主义政策。这是⼀个可取的趋势，公共和私营部⻔都需要顺势⽽⾏，因为尽管越来越多的妇⼥从⼤学毕业，妇⼥在管理岗位上的⽐例总体上仍徘徊在27%左右。
binding
表示“有约束力的”，英文解释为“A binding promise, agreement, or decision must be obeyed or carried out.”，如：a binding contract/promise/agreement 具有约束力/必须履行的合同/承诺/协议。
quota /ˈkwəʊtə/
表示“定额；限额；配额”，英文解释为“an official limit on the number or amount of something that is allowed in a particular period”举个🌰：
The government has decided to scrap quotas on car imports.
政府决定取消汽车进口配额。
The same goes for women at the peace table, where the vast majority of the negotiators and signatories are men. We know women’s involvement brings more lasting peace agreements, but women continue to be marginalized. Women’s groups and human rights defenders face persecution yet are ready to do more. For this they desperately need increased security, funding and resources.
和平谈判桌上妇⼥数量占⽐也同样处于低位，谈判代表和签署⼈绝⼤多数为男性。我们知道，谈判过程中妇⼥的参与能带来更持久的和平协定，可是⼥性仍被继续边缘化。妇⼥团体和⼈权捍卫者虽⾯临迫害，但仍准备继续抗争。她们急需更多安全保护、经费和资源。
persecution
表示“迫害；烦扰”，英文解释为“Persecution is cruel and unfair treatment of a person or group, especially because of their religious or political beliefs, or their race.”
My greatest impatience is with unmoving economic inequality. Women and girls use triple the time and energy of boys and men to look after the household. That costs them equal opportunities in education, in the job market and in earning power. It’s a driver of repeating poverty. Young women raising families are 25 per cent more likely than men to live in extreme poverty, affecting millions of young children, with impacts that last into later life for both mother and child. The solution includes good policies that promote more equality in childcare responsibilities and that provide state support to families, and those who work in the informal economy.
我最迫切想解决的是⼀成不变的经济不平等局⾯。妇⼥和⼥童花在照料家庭上的时间和精⼒是男⼈和男童的三倍。这让她们在教育、就业市场和赚钱能⼒上⽆法获得平等的机会，这助⻓了重复性贫困。养家糊⼝的年轻妇⼥⽣活在⾚贫之中的可能性⽐男性⾼出25%，影响了数以百万计的⼉童，以致于对⺟亲和孩⼦以后的⽣活都有影响。相应的解决⽅案包括实施⼀些良政，如倡导育⼉责任上性别平等的理念，国家为从事⾮正式经济活动的家庭及个⼈提供⽀持等。
So, though we are radically impatient, we are not giving up and we are hopeful. We have growing support from allies and partners who are ready to tackle barriers against gender equality. We see the driving will for change across generations and countries. We are locating issues that unite us and that offer opportunities to disrupt the status quo. Lessons learnt in the last 25 years have shown us what is needed to accelerate action for equality. Generation Equality is one of our answers and together, we are that generation.
因此，即便我们感到急切不安，我们也从未放弃，仍然信⼼满怀。我们从盟友和合作伙伴那⾥获得越来越多的⽀持，它们已然准备好应对实现性别平等的障碍。我们看到众多国家和⼏代⼈⺠正共同致⼒于推动变⾰。我们正设法找出那些能将我们团结起来、能提供打破现状的机会的议题。从过去25年的经验教训中，我们知道了能采取哪些⾏动来促进平等。平等的⼀代即我们的答案之⼀，我们正是追求实现平等的⼀代⼈。
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